Explain the Role of TCP/IP Protocols and how they Link to Application Layer Protocol

-

lecture# 04  

protocol

is a way that two systems are able to transmit data to each other. Protocols come with a set of rules when it comes to transmitting data between other computers.
There are many protocols used for being able to communicate with other computer systems,
for example, the most common protocols used are:

  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
  • Internet Protocol (IP)
  • Domain Name System (DNS)
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
  • Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
  • Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

    • These all have different sets of rules for being able to transmit data to and from computer systems using the internet

    The protocol you are referring to is called the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). It is a set of communication protocols used for transmitting data over networks, including the Internet. TCP is responsible for ensuring that data packets are transmitted reliably and in the correct order. It establishes a connection between the sending and receiving devices, breaks data into packets, and reassembles them at the destination. IP is responsible for routing the data packets between different networks and ensuring they reach the correct destination. It assigns each packet a unique IP address, which identifies the destination device. TCP/IP provides a reliable and efficient way to transmit data over networks, such as the Internet, and ensures that data packets arrive at their intended destination.

    The TCP/IP protocol suite is composed of separate protocols that work together to allow communication and data transfer between computer systems on networks. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is one of the core protocols in this suite and is responsible for ensuring reliable data transmission by dividing data into packets, assigning sequence numbers to each packet, and confirming that each packet is received by the recipient. It also handles congestion control to ensure that the network isn't overwhelmed with traffic.
    IP (Internet Protocol) is another core protocol in the TCP/IP suite, responsible for addressing and routing data packets across the internet. It assigns an IP address to each device connected to the network and uses this address to identify and deliver packets to the correct destination.
    Together, TCP and IP form the foundation of modern internet communication, allowing for reliable and efficient transfer of data across networks. Other protocols in the TCP/IP suite include DNS (Domain Name System), which maps human-readable domain names to IP addresses, and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), which is used for web communication.

    Packets:

    A packet is a unit of data that is transmitted over a network. It contains information such as the size of the data, the source and destination addresses, and other metadata that is necessary for the packet to be delivered to its intended destination. In packet-switched networks, such as the Internet, data is broken down into packets and each packet is transmitted individually across the network. The packets may take different routes to reach their destination and are reassembled into the original data at the destination. Each packet contains a header that includes information such as the source and destination addresses, the protocol being used, the size of the packet, and other information that is necessary for the packet to be delivered. The payload of the packet contains the actual data being transmitted. By breaking down data into packets, networks can more efficiently use their resources and handle different types of traffic. Packets can be prioritized based on their importance or the type of data they contain, and networks can dynamically adjust their routing to avoid congestion or other issues.

    Layers of TCP/IP


    The TCP/IP protocol is made up of four layers:



    1. The link layer

    which deals with hardware as it navigates through numerous routers, servers, and other components to get to its destination.

    2. The Internet layer

    which focuses on targeting the IP address.

    3. The transport layer

    establishes communications between hosts and moves the package towards its destination

    4. Application Layer Protocols

    An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communications protocols The application layer includes other types of protocols such as HTTP and HTTPS and SMTP.



    Comments

    Post a Comment

    Popular posts from this blog

    Web Architecture and Components

    -
    Image
      Lecture# 01 Understand Web Architecture and Components in this lecture we will discuss the major components of website development. There are 4 components of website architecture. ISP An ISP (Internet Service Provider) is a company that provides its customers access to the internet. Without having an ISP, you will not be able to access the internet, Therefore customers are to buy and subscribe to ISPs to guarantee internet usage. Once choosing the right Internet service provider, you would have to determine the type of connection to the internet you wish to have, for example, some service providers offer up to 16GB worth of speed whilst on the internet, or even 10GB of using the internet monthly. One must decide on these factors before buying from the correct internet service provider. They usually provide internet access along with a package, for example, a username and password to an email account where the customer can manage their internet preferences and even a Modem, to set up
    Read more

    Website Production Subject Introduction

    -
    Image
    Website Production: The Web is maybe the foremost important IT advancement within the final few decades; it has given other ways to communicate and share data and, in doing so, has changed the way individuals and businesses utilize IT. in this unit you may learn how to plan and make Intelligent websites. You may also find the factors that can move site execution and security issues influencing websites: Saying able to construct websites is an imperative ability and one which is in tall request in the modern working world. A few associations select to utilize a committed web designer in their company who works exclusively on their location; then again a few associations will contract an outside web plan company to form and oversee their location. In any case, not all businesses can manage this and a few, particularly smaller companies, will seek out a part of their staff who can keep up their site. Subsequently, there's a solid career course and tall levels of opportunity for those
    Read more

    Role of Web Architecture in Website Communication

    -
    Image
     Lecture# 02 Role of Web Architecture in Website Communication: A website must be uploaded onto a web server to allow it to be seen across the Internet. The process of uploading involves a protocol called FTP (file transfer protocol). FTPing can be done straight through a browser or using a program such as CuteFTP. It is not only the web pages that must be uploaded to the web server but all other associated files. This includes image, video, and sound files. This is because these files are not embedded into web pages, but linked to them, remaining as separate entities. A web server holds the live copy of the web page which can be seen by the public. There are several web servers software applications such as Internet Information Services (IIS), which comes bundled with modern versions of the Windows operating system or Apache HTTP server. using the Internet to discover the difference between uploading through a browser and a program. Make notes for future use in your coursework.
    Read more